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PAR-FAR Sensor Support

Introduction
Specifications
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PAR-FAR Introduction

Specific wavelengths of radiation elicit distinct plant responses. Radiation that drives photosynthesis is called photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and is typically defined as total radiation across a range of 400 to 700 nm. PAR is often expressed as photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD): photon flux in units of micromoles per square meter per second (µmol m-2s-1, equal to microEinsteins per square meter per second) summed from 400 to 700 nm (total number of photons from 400 to 700 nm).

In addition to PPFD, red and far-red wavelengths are of particular interest because they influence photosynthetic and morphogenic activity. Phytochrome pigments sensitive to varying ratios of red and far-red light provide information to the plant about its light environment and, therefore, its optimal growth patterns. Increasing the fraction of red light indicates less shading and generally results in more conservative vertical growth patterns; increasing the far-red fraction indicates more shading and results in more aggressive vertical growth patterns. Sensors that measure PAR and red/far-red radiation are often called PAR-FAR sensors. These sensors quantify both PPFD and far-red radiation incident on the sensor’s detecting surface.

Apogee Instruments S2 series PAR-FAR sensors consist of a cast acrylic diffuser, pair of photodetectors that measure specific wavelength ranges, signal processing circuitry mounted in an anodized aluminum housing, and a cable connected to the radiometer measurement device. Sensors are potted solid with no internal airspace and are designed for continuous measurement in indoor and outdoor environments. S2 sensors output an analog voltage for each photodetector that is directly proportional to red/far-red radiation incident on a planar surface (does not have to be horizontal), where the radiation emanates from all angles of a hemisphere.

PAR-FAR Sensor Specifications
Specification Icon
S2-141-SS* S2-441-SS S2-442-SS
Power Supply Self-powered 5.5 to 24 V DC 5.5 to 24 V DC
电流消耗 - 1.4 mA (quiescent), 1.8 mA (active) RS-232 37 mA;
RS-485 quiescent 37 mA, active 42 mA
Output (Sensitivity) 0.01 mV per µmol m-2s-1(PAR)
0.02 mV per µmol m-2s-1(Far-red)
- -
Calibration Factor (reciprocal of sensitivity) 100 µmol m-2s-1per mv (PAR)
50 µmol m-2s-1per mv (Far-red)
Custom for each sensor and stored in firmware Custom for each sensor and stored in firmware
Calibration Uncertainty ± 5 % ± 5 % ± 5 %
Output Range 0 to 40 mV (PAR)
0 to 20 mV (Far-red)
SDI-12 Modbus
Measurement Repeatability Less than 1 % Less than 1 % Less than 1 %
Long-term Drift Less than 2 % per year Less than 2 % per year Less than 2 % per year
Non-linearity Less than 1 % (up to 4000 µmol m-2s-1) (PAR)
Less than 1 % (up to 1000 µmol m-2s-1) (Far-red)
Less than 1 % (up to 4000 µmol m-2s-1) (PAR)
Less than 1 % (up to 1000 µmol m-2s-1) (Far-red)
Less than 1 % (up to 4000 µmol m-2s-1) (PAR)
Less than 1 % (up to 1000 µmol m-2s-1) (Far-red)
Response Time Less than 1 ms Less than 0.6 s -
Field of View 180° 180° 180°
Spectral Ranges 389 to 692 nm ± 5 nm (PAR)
702 to 761 nm ± 5 nm (Far-red)
389 to 692 nm ± 5 nm (PAR)
702 to 761 nm ± 5 nm (Far-red)
389 to 692 nm ± 5 nm (PAR)
702 to 761 nm ± 5 nm (Far-red)
Directional (Cosine) Response ± 2 % at 45°; ± 5 % at 75° ± 2 % at 45°; ± 5 % at 75° ± 2 % at 45°; ± 5 % at 75°
Temperature Response Less than 0.1 % per C Less than 0.1 % per C Less than 0.1 % per C
Housing Anodized aluminum body with acrylic diffuser Anodized aluminum body with acrylic diffuser Anodized aluminum body with acrylic diffuser
IP Rating IP68 IP68 IP68
Operating Environment -40 to 70 C; 0 to 100 % relative humidity -40 to 70 C; 0 to 100 % relative humidity -40 to 70 C; 0 to 100 % relative humidity
Dimensions 30.5 mm diameter, 37 mm height 30.5 mm diameter, 37 mm height 30.5 mm diameter, 37 mm height
电缆的质量(5米) 140 g 140 g 140 g
Cable 5 m of shielded, twisted-pair wire with TPR jacket and stainless steel connector 5 m of shielded, twisted-pair wire with TPR jacket and stainless steel connector 5 m of shielded, twisted-pair wire with TPR jacket and stainless steel connector

*The Output, Calibration Factor, and Output Range are variable from sensor to sensor, and the specifications listed are typical values.

PAR-FAR Sensor Videos
Apogee Instruments PAR-FAR Sensor Videos

Predicting Stem Elongation and Leaf Expansion: Percent far-red is a better predictor than PPE

If you can't access the video via Youtube,click here.

Far-red: The Forgotten Photons

If you can't access the video via Youtube,click here.

Turning Photons Into Food

If you can't access the video via Youtube,click here.

Toward an Optimal Spectral Quality for Plant Growth and Development

If you can't access the video via Youtube,click here.

PAR, PPF, PPFD, and PFD Explained

Photobiology Simplified with Dr Bruce Bugbee

If you can't access the video via Youtube,click here.

PAR-FAR Sensor Product Manuals
Product Manuals Icon

PAR-FAR Analog Manual (S2-141) >
PAR-FAR SDI-12 Manual (S2-441) >
PAR-FAR Modbus Manual (S2-442) >

PAR-FAR Sensor Specification Sheets
Specification Sheets Icon

PAR-FAR Spec Sheet (S2-141, S2-441, & S2-442) >

PAR-FAR Sensor Technical Drawings
Technical Drawings Icon

PAR-FAR Analog Tech Drawing (S2-141) >
PAR-FAR Digital Tech Drawing (S2-441 & S2-442) >

Helpful Articles and Links

Estimating Phytochrome Photoequilibrium

The FAR-PAR Index is a better predictor of stem and leaf expansion than phytochrome photo-equilibrium

FAQs

What are the new cable connectors?

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