Solar radiation at Earth's surface is typically defined as total radiation across a wavelength rage of 280 to 4000 nm (shortwave radiation). Total solar radiation, direct beam and diffuse, incident on a horizontal surface is defined as global shortwave radiation, or shortwave irradiance (incident radiant flux), and is expressed in Watts per square meter (W m-2, equal to Joules per second per square meter).
Pytanometers是测量全球短波辐射的传感器。Apogee系列粘连仪是硅细胞哒烟灰,仅对太阳光谱的一部分敏感,约350-1100nm(大约80%的总短波辐射在该范围内)。然而,校准硅细胞粘膜计以估计整个太阳光谱的总短波辐射。硅 - 细胞夸大计规格符合国际标准化组织(ISO)9060:2018 C类要求。
Apogee Instruments SP series pyranometers consist of a cast acrylic diffuser (filter), photodiode, and signal processing circuitry mounted in an anodized aluminum housing, and a cable to connect the sensor to a measurement device. Sensors are potted solid with no internal air space and are designed for continuous total shortwave radiation measurement on a planar surface in outdoor environments. SP series sensors output an analog voltage that is directly proportional to total shortwave radiation from the sun. The voltage signal from the sensor is directly proportional to radiation incident on a planar surface (does not have to be horizontal), where the radiation emanates from all angles of a hemisphere.
SP-110-SS | SP-212-SS | SP-214-SS | sp - 215党卫军 | SP-230-SS | SP-420 | SP-421-SS | SP-422-SS | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ISO 9060:2018 | Class C (previously known assecond class) | Class C (previously known assecond class) | Class C (previously known assecond class) | Class C (previously known assecond class) | Class C (previously known assecond class) | Class C (previously known assecond class) | Class C (previously known assecond class) | Class C (previously known assecond class) |
电源供应 | 自我支持 | 5 to 24 V DC | 7 to 24 V DC | 5.5至24 V DC | 12 V DC为加热器 | 5 V. | 5.5至24 V DC | 5.5至24 V DC |
电流消耗 | - | 300 µA | 22 mA maximum; 2 mA quiescent | 300 µA | 15.4 ma. | 记录时61 mA | 1.5 mA(静止);1.9 ma(活跃) | RS-232 37 mA; RS-485 quiescent 37 mA, active 42 mA |
Output (Sensitivity) | 每周0.2 mV-2 | 1.25 mV per W m-2 | 每周0.008 mA-2 | 每周2.5 mV-2 | 每周0.2 mV-2 | - | - | - |
Output Type | 0 to 400 mV | 0 to 2.5 V | 4到20 mA | 0 to 5 V | 0 to 400 mV | USB | SDI-12 | modbus. |
解析度 | - | - | - | - | - | 0.1 W M.-2 | - | - |
Calibration Factor (reciprocal of output) | 5 W m-2每个mv. | 0.8 W M.-2每个mv. | 125 W m-2per mA, 4 mA offset | 0.4 W M.-2每个mv. | 5 W m-2每个mv. | Custom for each sensor and stored in the firmware | Custom for each sensor and stored in the firmware | Custom for each sensor and stored in the firmware |
Calibration Uncertainty | ± 5 % | ± 5 % | ± 5 % | ± 5 % | ± 5 % | ± 5 % | ± 5 % | ± 5 % |
Measurement Repeatability | Less than 1 % | Less than 1 % | Less than 1 % | Less than 1 % | Less than 1 % | Less than 1 % | Less than 1 % | Less than 1 % |
Long-term Drift | Less than 2 % per year | Less than 2 % per year | Less than 2 % per year | Less than 2 % per year | Less than 2 % per year | Less than 2 % per year | Less than 2 % per year | Less than 2 % per year |
Non-linearity | Less than 1 % up to 2000 W m-2 | Less than 1 % up to 2000 W m-2 | Less than 1 % up to 2000 W m-2 | Less than 1 % up to 2000 W m-2 | Less than 1 % up to 2000 W m-2 | Less than 1 % up to 2000 W m-2 | Less than 1 % up to 2000 W m-2 | Less than 1 % up to 2000 W m-2 |
响应时间 | Less than 1 ms | Less than 1 ms | Less than 1 ms | Less than 1 ms | Less than 1 ms | 软件更新每秒 | Less than 0.6 s | - |
视野 | 180° | 180° | 180° | 180° | 180° | 180° | 180° | 180° |
光谱范围 | 360到1120 nm | 360到1120 nm | 360到1120 nm | 360到1120 nm | 360到1120 nm | 360到1120 nm | 360到1120 nm | 360到1120 nm |
定向(余弦)响应 | ± 5 % at 75° zenith angle | ± 5 % at 75° zenith angle | ± 5 % at 75° zenith angle | ± 5 % at 75° zenith angle | ± 5 % at 75° zenith angle | ± 5 % at 75° zenith angle | ± 5 % at 75° zenith angle | ± 5 % at 75° zenith angle |
Temperature Response | 每C 0.04±0.04% | 每C 0.04±0.04% | 每C 0.04±0.04% | 每C 0.04±0.04% | 每C 0.04±0.04% | 每C 0.04±0.04% | 每C 0.04±0.04% | 每C 0.04±0.04% |
Operating Environment | -40到70 c;0至100%相对湿度;可以在水中浸入30米的深处 | -40到70 c;0至100%相对湿度;可以在水中浸入30米的深处 | -40到70 c;0至100%相对湿度;可以在水中浸入30米的深处 | -40到70 c;0至100%相对湿度;可以在水中浸入30米的深处 | -40到70 c;0至100%相对湿度;可以在水中浸入30米的深处 | -40到70 c;0至100%相对湿度;可以在水中浸入30米的深处 | -40到70 c;0至100%相对湿度;可以在水中浸入30米的深处 | -40到70 c;0至100%相对湿度;可以在水中浸入30米的深处 |
Dimensions | 24 mm diameter, 33 mm height | 30.5 mm diameter, 37 mm height | 30.5 mm diameter, 37 mm height | 30.5 mm diameter, 37 mm height | 24 mm diameter, 33 mm height | 24 mm diameter, 33 mm height | 30.5 mm diameter, 37 mm height | 30.5 mm diameter, 37 mm height |
电缆的质量(5米) | 90 G. | 140克 | 140克 | 140克 | 90 G. | 90 G. | 140克 | 140克 |
How to Choose a Pyranometer
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Lecture 3-Shortwave Radiation and Pyranometers
介绍Apogee的光伏监控包
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硅 - 细胞粘连仪
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SP-230 All-Season Pyranometer Time Lapse
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Pyranometer用户指南
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将SP-214-SS Pyranometer序列号9898及以上连接到SMA集群控制器
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地球表面的太阳辐射通常被定义为跨波长范围为280至4000nm(短波辐射)的总辐射。入射在水平表面上的总太阳辐射,直接梁和漫射被定义为全局短波辐射,或短波辐照度(入射辐射通量),并以瓦特每平方米表示(W M)-2)。
Pytanometers是测量全球短波辐射的传感器。bob体育竞技Apogee仪器提供硅细胞和黑体热电偶联器。硅 - 细胞粘嘴计仅对太阳光谱的一部分敏感,大约360至1100nm(大约80%的总短波辐射在该范围内)。
Typical applications of silicon-cell pyranometers include:
• Agricultural weather networks
• Ecological weather networks
• Hydrological weather networks