Radiation that drives photosynthesis is called photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and is typically defined as total radiation across a range of 400 to 700 nm. PAR is often expressed as photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD): photon flux in units of micromoles per square meter per second (µmol m-2s-1, equal to microEinsteins per square meter per second) summed from 400 to 700 nm (total number of photons from 400 to 700 nm). While Einsteins and micromoles are equal (one Einstein = one mole of photons), the Einstein is not an SI unit, so expressing PPFD as µmol m-2s-1is preferred.
Sensors that measure PPFD are often called quantum sensors due to the quantized nature of radiation. A quantum referes to the minimum quantity of radiation, one photon, involved in physical interactions (e.g., absorption by photosynthetic pigments). In other words, one photon is a single quantum of radiation.
bob体育竞技APOGEE仪器SQ系列量子传感器包括铸造丙烯酸漫射器(过滤器),光电二极管和安装在阳极氧化铝外壳中的信号处理电路,以及将传感器连接到测量装置的电缆。传感器是盆栽固体,没有内部空气空间。SQ-500系列量子传感器设计用于室内和室外环境中的连续PPFD测量。
SQ-500-SS | SQ-512-SS | SQ-514-SS | SQ-515-SS | SQ-520 | SQ-521-SS | SQ-522-SS | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Power Supply | Self-powered | 5 - 24 V直流 | 12 to 24 V DC | 5.5 to 24 V DC | 5 V USB电源 | 5.5 to 24 V DC | 5.5 to 24 V DC |
电流消耗 | - | 在12 v处为57μA | maximum of 20 mA | 在12 v处为57μA | 61 mA when logging | 1.4 mA (quiescent); 1.8 mA (active) | RS-232 37 mA; RS-485 quiescent 37 mA, active 42 mA |
Output (Sensitivity) | 0.01 mV per µmol m-2s-1 | 0.625 mV per µmol m-2s-1 | 0.004 mV per µmol m-2s-1 | 每微米1.25 mV-2s-1 | - | - | - |
Output Type | 0 to 40 mV | 0 to 2.5 V | 4到20 mA | 0 to 5 V | USB | SDI-12 | modbus. |
解析度 | - | - | - | - | 0.1 µmol m-2s-1 | - | - |
Calibration Factor (reciprocal of sensitivity) | 100 µmol m-2s-1per mV | 1.6 µmol m-2s-1per mV | 250 µmol m-2s-1每马 | 0.8 µmol m-2s-1per mV | Custom for each sensor and stored in the firmware | Custom for each sensor and stored in the firmware | Custom for each sensor and stored in the firmware |
Calibration Uncertainty | ± 5 % | ± 5 % | ± 5 % | ± 5 % | ± 5 % | ± 5 % | ± 5 % |
Measurement Repeatability | Less than 0.5 % | Less than 1 % | Less than 0.5 % | Less than 1 % | Less than 0.5 % | Less than 1 % | Less than 1 % |
Long-term Drift per Year | Less than 2 % per year | Less than 2 % per year | Less than 2 % per year | Less than 2 % per year | Less than 2 % per year | Less than 2 % per year | Less than 2 % per year |
Non-linearity | Less than 1 % (up to 4000 µmol m-2s-1) | Less than 1 % (up to 4000 µmol m-2s-1) | Less than 1 % (up to 4000 µmol m-2s-1) | Less than 1 % (up to 4000 µmol m-2s-1) | Less than 1 % (up to 4000 µmol m-2s-1) | Less than 1 % (up to 4000 µmol m-2s-1) | Less than 1 % (up to 4000 µmol m-2s-1) |
Response Time | Less than 1 ms | Less than 1 ms | Less than 1 ms | Less than 1 ms | Software updates every second | Less than 0.6 s | - |
视野 | 180° | 180° | 180° | 180° | 180° | 180° | 180° |
光谱范围 | 389 to 692 nm ± 5 nm (wavelengths where response is greater than 50 %) | 389 to 692 nm ± 5 nm (wavelengths where response is greater than 50 %) | 389 to 692 nm ± 5 nm (wavelengths where response is greater than 50 %) | 389 to 692 nm ± 5 nm (wavelengths where response is greater than 50 %) | 389 to 692 nm ± 5 nm (wavelengths where response is greater than 50 %) | 389 to 692 nm ± 5 nm (wavelengths where response is greater than 50 %) | 389 to 692 nm ± 5 nm (wavelengths where response is greater than 50 %) |
Spectral Selectivity | 低于412至682nm±5 nm的10% | 低于412至682nm±5 nm的10% | 低于412至682nm±5 nm的10% | 低于412至682nm±5 nm的10% | 低于412至682nm±5 nm的10% | 低于412至682nm±5 nm的10% | 低于412至682nm±5 nm的10% |
定向(余弦)响应 | ± 5 % at 75° zenith angle | ± 2 % at 45°; ± 5 % at 75° | ± 2 % at 45°; ± 5 % at 75° | ± 2 % at 45°; ± 5 % at 75° | ± 5 % at 75° zenith angle | ± 2 % at 45°; ± 5 % at 75° | ± 2 % at 45°; ± 5 % at 75° |
Temperature Response | -0.11 ± 0.04 % per C | -0.11 ± 0.04 % per C | -0.11 ± 0.04 % per C | -0.11 ± 0.04 % per C | -0.11 ± 0.04 % per C | -0.11 ± 0.04 % per C | -0.11 ± 0.04 % per C |
Operating Environment | -40 to 70 C; 0 to 100 % relative humidity; can be submerged in water up to depths of 30 m | -40 to 70 C; 0 to 100 % relative humidity; can be submerged in water up to depths of 30 m | -40 to 70 C; 0 to 100 % relative humidity; can be submerged in water up to depths of 30 m | -40 to 70 C; 0 to 100 % relative humidity; can be submerged in water up to depths of 30 m | -40 to 70 C; 0 to 100 % relative humidity; can be submerged in water up to depths of 30 m | -40 to 70 C; 0 to 100 % relative humidity; can be submerged in water up to depths of 30 m | -40 to 70 C; 0 to 100 % relative humidity; can be submerged in water up to depths of 30 m |
Dimensions | 24 mm diameter, 37 mm height | 30.5 mm diameter, 37 mm height | 30.5 mm diameter, 37 mm height | 30.5 mm diameter, 37 mm height | 24 mm diameter, 37 mm height | 30.5 mm diameter, 37 mm height | 30.5 mm diameter, 37 mm height |
Mass (5 m of cable) | 100 g | 140克 | 140克 | 140克 | 100 g | 140克 | 140克 |
How to Choose a Quantum Sensor
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Why do I need a PAR-Quantum Meter?
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In-depth Look at PAR-Quantum Meters
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Apogee microcache with Quantum Sensor Quickstart Guide
远红:被遗忘的光子
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Turning Photons Into Food
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Toward an Optimal Spectral Quality for Plant Growth and Development
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PAR Sensor Spectral Error Correction Tool
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PAR, PPF, PPFD, and PFD Explained
Photobiology Simplified with Dr Bruce Bugbee
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Lecture 4-PAR
Apogee Instruments Meter User Guide
Applications include:
• PPFD measurements over plant canopies in outdoor environments, greenhouses, and growth chambers
• Reflected or under-canopy (transmitted) PPFD measurements in outdoor environments, greenhouses, and growth chambers
•PAR/PPFD measurements in aquatic environments, including salt water aquariums where corals are grown
If you would like to share your application of this product, please点击这里
如何纠正流行光源的光谱误差(Apogee PAR仪表LED校正)
Solar, Net, and Photosynthetic Radiation - ASA Agroclimatology
Dana Riddle Reviews the MQ-500/510 - Dana Riddle, Advanced Aquarist
Apogee MQ-510 is The First Truly Underwater PAR Meter for Hobbyists - Jake Adams, Reef Builders
Spectral Error for Apogee Instruments 500 Series Quantum Sensors/Meters White Paper
Immersion Effect Correction Factors for Apogee Quantum Sensors White Paper
USB Quantum Sensor Software Support
DLI (Daily Light Integral): Measuring Light for Plants
Comparisons in Quantum Sensor Output for Different Light Sources
Light Intensity Measurements for LEDs
Spectral Errors from Four Commercial Quantum Sensors Under LEDs and Other Electric Lights
Analysis of Spectral and Cosine Errors in Quantum Sensors
Converting from µmol m-2s-1to footcandles
Converting from µmol m-2s-1to Lux
Converting from µmol m-2s-1to mol m-2d-1
Converting from µmol m-2s-1to Einsteins
Accuracy of Apogee Quantum Sensors Underwater Research Report
Comparison of Eight Quantum Sensor Models Research Report
视野of Apogee and SenEye Quantum Sensors Research Report
Directional Response of Apogee and Hydrofarm Quantum Meters Research Report
Apogee vs. LI-COR Quantum / PAR Sensors
The Effect of Daily Light Integral on Bedding Plant Growth and Flowering
CO2Fluxes Over an old, Temperate Mexed Fores in Northeastern China
Biomass Production and Pigment Accumulation in Kale Grown Under Increasing Photoperiods
Photosynthetic Irradiance and Nutrition Effects on Growth of English Ivy in Subirrigation Systems
Free-Air Carbon Dioxide Enrichment of Soybean
Intermittent Light from a Rotating High-pressure Sodium Lamp Promotes Flowering of Long-day Plants